What is the term for a formal accusation of a crime, typically initiated by the prosecutor?

The term that accurately describes a formal accusation of a crime typically initiated by the prosecutor is "Indictment." An indictment is a formal charge issued by a grand jury, asserting that there is enough evidence to bring someone to trial for a specific crime. It serves as a crucial step in the criminal justice process, as it helps to ensure that serious charges are brought only when there is sufficient evidence to warrant a trial.

While "Information" refers to a formal accusation initiated by a prosecutor without a grand jury, it is not as common as an indictment for serious offenses. A "Complaint" is typically a legal document that outlines the allegations against a defendant, often used in civil cases or as a preliminary step before formal charges are made. The term "Charge" is more general and refers to any formal assertion that someone has committed a crime, but it does not specify the legal process through which this assertion has been made, such as through an indictment or information.

Understanding these distinctions is important for grasping how criminal charges are brought forward within the judicial system.